Lavoro, sindacato e diseguaglianza in America
Abstract:
The comparison of the crisis of 2007-08 with that of 1929 showed its extreme gravity, but that could also mean that the old harmful mistakes would not be repeated. After four years, the crisis has not been solved and threatens to get worse. The neo-conservative Republicans claim that is the proof of the failure of the Keynesian policies carried out by Obama administration, while for the liberals the insufficiency of the budget "stimulus" and of reforms must be blamed. Yet, there is something structurally distorted in the institutions and policies of American labor relationships. In Germany, where initially the crisis hit with similar violence, unemployment first increased slightly, afterward was absorbed and by 2011 employment had amazingly reached a level higher than before the crisis. Inequality, which is the origin of the US labor crisis, has been attributed to globalization and to a gap between unfitting old skills and technological revolution. But this thesis does not stand up to a close analysis. The breaking of the "social contract", the growing weakness of the Trade Unions and the relentless decline of their bargaining power are the basic elements of the crisis of the American social and economic model. In comparison with the crisis of the Thirties and its aftermath, what initially was supposed to possibly evolve toward a new New Deal of the twenty-first century has evolved just in its opposite.
|